Critique of the European Heritage Industry

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Geert Lovink has posted a thought provoking critique on the digital heritage industry – an industry (Andreas Huyssen calls it the “memory industry”) which is clearly booming all over Europe and is giving rise to numerous costly (and, honestly, often illfunctional, unadventurous, uncritical and anachronistic thinking) projects and institutions, like, here in Belgium, the BOM-vl project I have been involved in as well as the forthcoming “Flemish Archiving Institute” (or: the “library of the future”), a loud and bright shining bandwagon on which every local industry player in the “digitalisation” branch, as well as the policy makers in the domains of culture, economics and education, are trying to jump on right now. As Geert Lovink writes: “There is money to be made from history”.

Some extracts from his article:
“From a perspective of new media research Europe allocated too much of its resources into the digitization of its cultural heritage, leaving the debate over the architecture of the network society to hyped-up IT gurus and business management evangelists. Once again, the future was located in the past. Now that the 1.5 billion Internet users worldwide are preoccupied with social networking and other Web 2.0 activities, digital content is proclaimed dead and ‘free’. The question central in my work has always been how Europe can be liberated from its preoccupation with the archive in order to mobilize its creative energies towards a ‘future culture’ that is both critical and innovative. How can we develop an intellectual environment that is capable to shape things to come that is not condemned to writing academic histories?”

“In the roaring nineties librarians played a pivotal role in the Internet access movement. At the time were ahead of the game. These days it seems that they have lost their edge and are busy with large digitization programs of historical material. There seems to be less and less money for public libraries and more project-based resources for ‘digitization’ of old stuff. This is why we see occasional panic over (US-American) commercial services like Google, Twitter and Facebook. If librarians and archivists would engage more in the development of standards and protocols, software and interfaces, they would gain confidence and have a more confident and sovereign attitude towards the fads of the market and its libertarian techno-evangelists. What we need are creative and critical concepts, for instance in the case of Europeana, which is clearly neither a portal nor a search engine…”

image: oxdb project

Nightscapes

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Another artist/filmmaker I’m interested in for the ‘Night Vison‘ program is Pieter Geenen, who has been working on a series of impressive audio and video works in which he examines the perception of landscapes, especially nocturnal ones. In his video installation ‘nocturne (lampedusa – fort europa)’ (2006), possibly the centre piece of this series, he explores the nighttime atmosphere of the island of Lampedusa – the closest European point to the north of the African continent, which has in recent years become a haven for asylum seekers from Africa, Asia and the Middle East. In the video “an infrared camera registers several spots on and around the island, in search for traces of this striking story. The dark, abstract and suggestive landscapes give a nocturnal impression of the island by showing places and areas like the island’s small airport, its town and harbor, the refugee centre, military zones and other well guarded areas, the coastal area,… Human presence has been reduced to some anonymous, unidentifiable luminous dots, or to the suggestive black space between them. That’s how this essay on Fort Europe and the nocturnal phenomenon would like to offer an alternative for the images and information given by traditional media”.

‘nocturne (lampedusa – fort europa)’, 2006, 28′, video 4:3, black & white, silent, infrared camera, mini DV (5′ trailer)

He has also made a series of nocturnal sonic landscapes, titled ‘Nightscapes’.

“In general contrast to the visual, the auditory field is rather mental then physical, less restrained, and its contours are variable and uncertain. At night this contrast becomes even stronger. Within human perception, the night as a phenomenon seems to go with a different sort of time awareness. The night is more undefined, further away and more unlimited than the day. The night is a state of mind, its beginning and ending unclear.

nightscape is a series of nocturnal sonic landscapes. Each piece presents the aural experience of a landscape at night, consisting only of the specific, natural and genuine sound of that landscape. They are always presented in the context of a dark space: as a continuous installation one can walk freely in and out, in a ‘screening’ situation with a seated audience or with headphones for a personal listening session. One hears the monotonous, muted and repetitive sounds of night, as if being in front of a broad landscape. Nothing’s visible.

In contrast to our strongly visual orientated society, the listener is depended on his hearing only in this artificial nocturnal situation. Although every visual element is eliminated, nothingness cannot exist for there is always imagination.
The listener’s auditive focus increases, as that is also the effect of a real nocturnal environment on one’s hearing. Through causal listening (identifying an invisible sound source by making logical connections or possessing any foreknowledge) he can gain a certain level of understanding and connote the sounds to images and meanings which can be mentally merged into a logical whole. Sound is absorbed trough the ears but perceived mainly through mental processing. Apart from their suggestive qualities, these sounds exist on itself as well, as abstractions of their source and its initial sound, detached from any connotation.

In a subtle way, through minimal and ‘monochrome’ nocturnal sound, every nightscape sketches and bears a different nocturnal space, a sonic landscape. nightscape is a formal abstraction of the night, embedding a latent narrative, exploring the qualities of nocturnal sound and causing mysterious perceptions of what seemed to be a familiar and apparent ‘silence’. The visitor is liberated from vision and referred to an alternative mode of perception which leads him from a concrete, obvious, accustomed, trained experience to an imaginative and aesthetic aural experience. Due to the discrepancy between the suggested wide space, the limitation of the actual presentation space and even the mental space, the relationship between sound and space reaches a fascinating point.”

Here are some excerpts:

nightscape (1), 2005, 11’56”, binaural sound
[audio:http://www.silenceisgolden.be/nightscape1.mp4]

nightscape (2), 2005, 17’00”, binaural sound
[audio:http://www.silenceisgolden.be/nightscape2.mp4]

nightscape (3), 2005, 15’10”, binaural sound
[audio:http://www.silenceisgolden.be/nightscape3.mp4]

nightscape (4), 2005, 19’57”, binaural sound
[audio:http://www.silenceisgolden.be/nightscape4.mp4]

nightscape (5), 2005, 25’51”, binaural sound
[audio:http://www.silenceisgolden.be/nightscape5.mp4]

nightscape (6), 2005, 19’08”, binaural sound
[audio:http://www.silenceisgolden.be/nightscape6.mp4]

nightscape (7), 2005, 11’07”, binaural sound
[audio:http://www.silenceisgolden.be/nightscape7.mp4]

Transfalumination

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As I mentioned before I’m doing a bit of research on the representation/vizualisation of the night, and the relation with technology and perception (for a programma that might be presented as part of the next edition of the Courtisane Festival in Gent in March 2010). Some time ago I bumped into some really interesting new work by Peter Rose, of whom I only knew earlier work like ‘Analogies: studies in the movement of time’ (1977). Recently he has been experimenting with a tactic he calls “transfalumination: “I venture at night into the marginal geographies of the city and perform peculiar ceremonies with light, hoping to bring back images that appeal to some deep sense of the mysterious”.

“I’ve been interested in finding a way to somehow speak with light and to find thereby a luminal relationship with the world that is both incantatory and sensual. To this end I’ve designed an array of portable lighting instruments that project sheets of light, rather than beams of light, and I’ve been experimenting with these on a variety of scales ranging from blades of grass to fairly large landscapes. None of the images are made with any sort of animated strategy- while there is, occasionally, superimposition, and while some of the images have been slowed down, all are made in real time, in real space. I understand this all as arising from the confluence of two grand traditions in the avant-garde. There is the work that is concerned with the unadulterated, fundamental properties of light (Sharits, Kubelka, McCall, Recoder, Brakhage, the later Jacobs,et al.) And then there is a somewhat contrapuntal cabal that is more invested in ceremony, shamanic ritual, transformation, the unconscious, a performative sense of the medium that is far more narrative and lyrical; I’m thinking of Anger, Broughton, Deren, Brakhage, early Gerson, et al.)”

Here are two wonderful works from that series: Journey to Q’xtlan (2009) and Studies in Transfalumination (2008).

Journey to Q’xtlan from peter rose on Vimeo.

Studies in Transfalumination from peter rose on Vimeo.

Altered States

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Altered States
20 November 2009 20:00, Les Brigittines, Brussels

In the context of Video Vortex V, hosted by Cimatics Festival. Curated by Stoffel Debuysere and María Palacios Cruz, in cooperation with Courtisane.

With the digital invading every creative enterprise and form of expression, pencils have become pixels, dreams have turned into data. While cinema’s obsession with the “holy grail” of photorealism has generated a blizzard of visual extravaganzas aimed at a suspension of the distinction between representation and simulation, a generation of DIY bricoleurs use ubiquitious “tools of vizuality” (Kevin Kelly) to explore alternative viewings and readings of the familiar. Through processes of transference, translation and combination, they encode, reveal or impose layers of information and deceive expectations about visibility and availability. Poking the surfaces of various images, sounds and symbols, their renderings create poetic, playful and often melancholic environments that are both alien and familiar, questioning our relation to images and our imagination.

(Altered States is a reworking of the Imagine programme, which was compiled for the Urban Screens Festival in Amsterdam)

Stephen Gray, Beep Prepared, 2002, 5’
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“What is Road Runner without Willie E. Coyote, what is a cartoon without protagonists? What remains of the longest running and most existential series of sketches, once the actors have left the stage? Part one of a deconstructivist trilogy.”

Joseph Ernst, Hip-Hop Movie, 2008, 4’
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Transforming visual imagery into words, this video is a word for word translation of a stereotypical hip hop video. ‘Bling bling’ from a different point of view.

Chirstinn Whyte & Jake Messenger, Text Field, 2002, 1′
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Chirstinn Whyte’s and Jake Messenger’s work exists in the interstices of dance and the digital world. Using ASCII animation, the two artists created a whirling text-body that is part fluid and improvised and part of an algorithm’s discipline, like a dancer that obeys chaos theory.

Oliver Laric, (>’.’)>=O____l_*__O=<('.'<), 2008, 1’30”
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Oliver Laric uses thousands of tiny animated gifs to create an ultra-low-res illusion of cinematic movement, generating a barely discernible compilation of clips from a series of hip-hop music videos.

Max Hattler, Collision, 2005, 02’30”
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Islamic patterns and American quilts and the colours and geometry of flags as an abstract field of reflection. “It can be interpreted either way: carnage or carnival, it is open-ended. I don’t have the answers, I’m only asking questions.”

David O’Reilly, RGB XYZ, 2005-2008, 13′
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“Discovered in late 2007 when a gardener accidentally dug up a hard drive buried somewhere in central Europe, RGB XYZ found its way to David O’Reilly, who compiled its five incomprehensible episodes into what became perhaps the most enigmatic piece of animation ever to leave a computer.”

Michael Robinson, All Through the Night, 2007, 6’
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Described by Michael Robinson as a “charred visitation with an icy language of control; there is no room for love”. In this 4 minute digital video sequence, Robinson recontextualizes appropriated animation footage. In doing so, he successfully merges video effects into textures and glacial landscapes and creates his own kind of melancholic magic.

Dave Griffiths, Rogue State, 2003, 02’20”
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Vetoed UN resolutions hand-inscribed onto DV tape using a magnetic quill. Reinterpreted by the digital apparatus, these marks reveal abstract, lawless sonic and visual explosions – a fluid display of synthetic aerial terror. The action alludes to the shared nature of entertainment and military technology in seeking perfect spectacle whilst shunning error or uncertainty. Compressed light and sound are unleashed in volatile glitches to commemorate the abandonment of conventions in both the digital medium and international law.

Jonathon Kirk, I’ve got a guy running, 2006, 7’12”
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In this video, Jonathon Kirk explores the relation between cognition and recognition of war images, a relation that has been severely affected by the influence of simulation, surveillance and real-time media coverage. Images of a precision bombing, released by the U.S. Department of Defense to the glory of the American army and its weapon suppliers, are subject to algorithms, which gradually reveal the reality that lies beneath them.

Dietmar Offenhuber, paths of g, 2006, 1′
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The long backwards tracking shot through a trench in Stanley Kubrick’s WWI drama Paths of Glory (1957) is reduced to pure geometry. Nothing is visible other than a matrix of rectangular figures and a line which follows the movement of the camera and counts off the spent frames. The viewer sees less but learns more.

Rebecca Baron & Doug Goodwin, Lossless #5, 2008, 3′
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Lossless is a series of works that looks at the dematerialization of film into bits, exposing the residual effects of the process that makes file sharing possible. Baron and Goodwin used several methods to alter these works, either interrupting the data streaming by removing basic information holding together the digital format or comparing 35 mm to DVD and examining the difference between each frame. The project considers the impact of the digital age on filmmaking and film watching, the materiality and demateriality of film as an artistic medium, as well as the social aspects of how the online community functions and the audience for such obscure films.

Nicolas Provost, Papillon D’Amour, 2003, 03’30”
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By subjecting fragments from the Akira Kurosawa’s film Rashomon (1950) to a mirror effect, Provost creates a hallucinatory scene of a woman’s reverse chrysalis into an imploding butterfly. This physical audiovisual experience produces skewed reflections upon Love, its lyrical monstrosities, and a wounded act of disappearance.

Bernard Gigounon, Starship, 2002, 4′
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Fantasy worlds are always there, anywhere, just like images, the only thing we need to do as a spectator is to allow our imagination to run free. Gigounon gives us a boost to let go of trivial reality, even if just for a while. This results in tiny phantasmagorias like Starship, a visual investigation of a passing ship, which turns into a weird and estranging object through the juxtaposition of its symmetrical reflection.

Stewart Smith, Jed’s Other Poem, 2005, 3’
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Stewart Smith programmed Jed’s Other Poem, a music video for a Grandaddy song, in Applesoft II on a 1979 Apple ][+ with 48K of RAM. Seriously. Jeddy-3, a humanoid robot built from spare parts, is a recurring character in Grandaddy’s 2000 album The Sophtware Slump. According to Grandaddy, before Jed’s system crashed he wrote poems. Poems for no one.

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LIVE PERFORMANCE
Kurt D’Haeseleer & Tuk

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In the video works of Kurt D’Haeseleer, the spectator is dropped in a world bombarded with digital fragmentation bombs. People wander through a kaleidoscopic labyrinth of trembling bodies and mutating buildings until they are swallowed by a yawning void. Lost pixels nestle like parasites under the skin and drag them through an everyday world that looks strange beyond recognition. D’Haeseleer regularly collaborates with Guillaume Graux aka Tuk, whose delicate sonic compositions reverberate with the equally uncanny image worlds, like atoms rebouncing endlessly in a hall of mirrors, a collection of stolen dreams melted into a new impressive universe.

On the same night there will also be artist presentations by Constant Dullaart and Albert Figurt. See www.cimatics.com

Video Vortex V

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Video Vortex, Edition V
20 – 21 November 2009. Atomium, Brussels.

In the Context of Cimatics Festival 2009.

Two years after its first edition, Video Vortex returns to Brussels, this time hosted in one of the great icons of mid 20th century modern architecture: the Atomium. During these past two years, the conference series – which focuses on the status and potential of the moving image on the Internet – has visited Amsterdam, Ankara and Split, growing out into an organised network of organisations and individuals. Time for an interim report, perhaps. We asked some participants of the first Video Vortex editions and publication, as well as new ones, to reflect on recent developments in online video culture. Over the past years the place of the moving image on the Internet has become increasingly prominent. With a wide range of technologies and web applications within anyone’s reach, the potential of video as a personal means of expression has reached a totally new dimension. How is this potential being used? How do artists and other political and social actors react to the popularity of YouTube and other ‘user-generated-content’ websites? What does YouTube tell us about the state of contemporary visual culture? And how can the participation culture of video-sharing and vlogging reach some degree of autonomy and diversity, escaping the laws of the mass media and the strong grip of media conglomerates?

Participants: Andrew Clay, Stephen Crocker, Stefaan Decostere, Aleksandra Domanovic, Constant Dullaart, Johan Grimonprez, Liesbeth Huybrechts, Rudi Knoops, Rosa Menkman, Oliver Laric, Geert Lovink, Elizabeth Losh, Keith Sanborn, Brian Willems, Simon Yuill
Moderators: Sabine Niederer, Vera Tolman, Andreas Treske, Robrecht Vanderbeeken

Full program on www.cimatics.com. On Friday Night there will be a lively event with screening (a programma of video works selected by Maria Palacios Cruz & Stoffel Debuysere, and a selection by Constant Dullaart), a performance by Tuk & Kurt D’Haeseleer, and Dj’s.

Video Vortex V is organized in cooperation with the Institute of Network Cultures (Amsterdam) and supported by KASK (Faculty of Fine Arts, University College Ghent) and CLEA (Centre Leo Apostel, VUB)

Register by sending an email to videovortex@cimatics.com. Entrance Fee: 15 / 10 € (7,50 € /day)

Andrew Clay
Andrew Clay (GB) is Principal Lecturer in Critical Technical Practices at De Montfort University, Leicester and programme leader of BSc (Hons) Media Technology in the Faculty of Computing Sciences and Engineering. He has published articles on British cinema and authors the blog Every British Feature Film 2009. He is currently researching the theory and practice of online film.

Stephen Crocker
Stephen Crocker (CA) writes about media, social theory, philosophy and the sociology of the image. He is an associate professor of sociology and assistent director of the Humanities Program at Memorial University of Newfoundland. His work has appeared in, among other places, Philosophy Today, Topia, Cultural Values, Continental Philosophy Review, Ctheory, and various anthologies. In his essay ‘The Fogo Process: Participatory Communication in a Globalizing world’, he situates the Fogo process in Newfoundland within the history of endeavors to use film/video media to promote social change.

Stefaan Decostere

The work of Stefaan Decostere (BE) follows various directions, but is always – directly or subversively – bound to a resistance to the media within which he works. For several decades, Decostere worked in public broadcasting, producing ‘television without television’ in works that used kaleidoscopic language and incorporated formal techniques from video art. In 1999 Stefaan Decostere founded CARGO, a context in which he could investigate the effect of the new technologies on the ways we develop media. He worked with Paul Virilio, Henri-Pierre Jeudy, Geert Lovink, Arthur Kroker, Rosi Braidotti and Matthew Fuller and recently presented the the installation arena WARUM 2.0 at STUK (Leuven) and V2 (Rotterdam). In a previous edition of Video Vortex he introduced the concept of ‘impactology’, a science of the technics of impact. In the meantime he has expanded this new field of knowledge, in a search to define “impact”, to analyse and chart it, and to study its political consequences.

Constant Dullaart
The work of Constant Dullaart (NL) investigates new modes of constructing and relating meaning brought about by the Internet. He uses found or borrowed material which he remixes, edits, or alters to create a fresh work which challenges our relation to the original context. He teaches at the Gerrit Rietveld academy, and curates several events in Amsterdam, such as the periodically held ‘Lost and Found’ evenings, and the recently finished the exhibition ‘Contemporary Semantics Beta’ in Arti et Amicitiae.

Johan Grimonprez
In his work, which includes the seminal DIAL H-I-S-T-O-R-Y (1997), media artist Johan Grimonprez (BE) mainly investigates the use of mass media as a political instrument and the construction of realities in an era of infotainment and media saturation. The overall focus in his earlier work is on the idea of ‘zaptitude’ – the surreal poetry of the ‘channel hopping’, which enables the TV spectator to write his/her own story. In the ambulant video library project Beware! In Playing the Phantom, you become one (1994–1998) Grimonprez also questioned the image of the spectator as a passive consumer. Recently he created Manipulators (2005-2007), along with curator Charlotte Léouzon, a “You-Tube library” variant. In his talk he will reflect on the transition from “zapping” to “skipping”.

Liesbeth Huybrechts & Rudi Knoops
Liesbeth Huybrechts (BE) is doing a Phd research in Cultural Studies on the use of new media as critical things in participatory design and art projects. She is researcher and teacher in higher art education at the Media & Design Academy in Genk. Liesbeth is active as editor of the e-culture blog of the Flemish Government. She is part of a research group Interface-Our-Space, focusing on the role of new media in an artistic and museal context. Rudi Knoops is lecturer and researcher at the Media & Design Academy in Genk, focussing on the audiovisual aspects of new media. He investigates how interactive media can make museum collections more accessible in a playful way, and he is currently exploring possible forms of interaction and ‘remediation’ between musical polyphony and audiovisual form in a research project in the arts “MULTIPLE voice/vision”. In their talk they will explore how to transform video channels into full-fledged playful objects.

Oliver Laric & Aleksandra Domanovic
Berlin based artists Oliver Laric (born in Turkey) and Aleksandra Domanovic (born in Serbia,) are, together with Christoph Priglinger and Georg Schnitzer, two of the co-founders of the platform VVORK. Their work is adept at subtle restructuring of existing popular media. With gentle emphasis they diverts images, turning them in on themselves to such a degree that they come to reflexively represent their own critique.

Elizabeth Losh
Elizabeth Losh (US) is the Writing Director of the Humanities Core Course at the University of California, Irvine, and author of Virtualpolitik: An Electronic History of Government Media-Making in a Time of War, Scandal, Disaster, Miscommunication, and Mistakes (2009), which analyzes four trends in official rhetoric: public diplomacy, social marketing, risk communication, and institutional branding. She writes about institutions as digital content-creators, the discourses of the “virtual state,” the media literacy of policy makers and authority figures, and the rhetoric surrounding regulatory attempts to limit everyday digital practices. She has published articles about videogames for the military and emergency first-responders, government websites and YouTube channels, state-funded distance learning efforts, national digital libraries, political blogging, and congressional hearings on the Internet.

Rosa Menkman
Rosa Menkman (NL) is a visualist who focuses on visual artifacts created by accidents in digital media. The visuals she makes are the result of glitches, compressions, feedback and noise. Although many people perceive these accidents as negative experiences, Rosa emphasizes their positive consequences. By combining both her practical as well as an academic background, she merges her abstract pieces within a grand theory artifacts (a glitch studies), in which she strives for new forms of conceptual synesthesia. She has shown her work at festivals like Haip (Ljubljana), Cimatics (Brussels), Video Vortex (Amsterdam) and Pasofest (Ankara) and collaborated on art projects together with Alexander Galloway, Govcom.org, Goto80 and the internet art collective Jodi.org.

Keith Sanborn
One of the major principles in the work of media artist and theoretician Keith Sanborn (US) is the investigation of public images and private perceptions. In his recent work he re-contextualizes web footage, partly as commentary on the current exploitation of user-generated content on such platforms as ‘YouTube’. Sanborn feels this “new” spectacle is less based on a collection of images, than on interhuman relations, mediated through images. Resistance requires bringing forward the background to the foreground. “Don’t pay attention to the tiny man behind the curtain” – indeed: pay attention to the curtain. “In a necessary irony, my work functions by translating the offerings of YouTube.world to other contexts, repurposing them as commentary upon that context, demonstrating, if nothing else, that there is a world beyond YouTube.world”.

Brian Willems

Brian Willems (US) teaches literature and media culture at the University of Split, Croatia. He is the author of Hopkins and Heidegger (Continuum). Essays on the intersections of literature, media and philosophy have appeared or are forthcoming in From A to < A >: Keywords in Markup, Battlestar Galactica and Philosophy, Electronic Book Review, Poiesis, Symposium, artUS and elsewhere. His creative work has appeared in The Antoich Review, Salzburg Poetry Review, Prague Literary Review, Identity Theory and elsewhere. In his talk he will argue that there are qualitative differences involved in an exegesis of YouTube video. These differences are found in the ability of YouTube and its ilk to make a de Manian blindness of reading visible. Such blindness is made manifest through the inability of YouTube to read itself, an inability which is actually made visible through tags and other metainformation.

Simon Yuill
Simon Yuill (GB) is an artist based in Glasgow, Scotland. He is developer in the Social Versioning System (SVS) and spring_alpha/SVS projects. He has helped to set up and run a number of hacklab and free media labs in Scotland including the Chateau Institute of Technology (ChIT) and Electron Club, as well as the Glasgow branch of OpenLab. He has written on aspects of Free Software and cultural praxis and has contributed to publications such as Software Studies (MIT Press, 2008), the FLOSS Manuals and Digital Artists Handbook project (GOTO10 and Folly).